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1. introduction Bladder carcinoma, also known as urothelial carcinoma, is one of the most common types of cancer of the urinary tract.the tumor mainly arises from the urothelial mucosa of the urinary bladder, which lines the inner wall.men are affected about three times as often as women. Risk factors: long-term smoking, contact with aromatic amines (e.g. in dyes), chronic bladder inflammation, radiotherapy, certain medications orContinue reading

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1 Introduction Biliary tract carcinoma, also known as cholangiocarcinoma, is a rare but aggressive malignant tumor of the biliary tract. It can develop inside (intrahepatic) or outside (extrahepatic) the liver and usually affects older people, somewhat more frequently men. Risk factors include chronic inflammation of the bile ducts, gallstones, primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), parasitic infections (e.g.Continue reading

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC, „basal cell carcinoma“) is the most common skin cancer. It usually grows slowly and metastasizes much less frequently than other forms of skin cancer, but can be locally destructive - especially on the face (nose, eye region, ears). What is basal cell carcinoma? Basal cell carcinoma develops from cells in the basal layer of the skin. It occurs preferentially in areas exposed to the sunContinue reading

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Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (PACC) is a rare malignant tumor of the exocrine pancreas. It arises from the acinar cells that produce digestive enzymes and accounts for only a small proportion of pancreatic tumors. Brief overview What makes acinar cell carcinoma special? Compared to the more common ductal pancreatic carcinoma, PACC:Continue reading

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Causes, symptoms, diagnosis, therapy - and classification for frequency therapy The atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a very rare, highly malignant (WHO grade 4) tumor of the central nervous system (CNS) that occurs predominantly in infants and young children. AT/RT is one of the embryonal CNS tumors and requires rapid, specialized diagnostics and multimodal therapy inContinue reading

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Causes, symptoms, diagnosis, therapy - plus frequency lists (EDTFL/CAFL) What is a high-grade astrocytoma? Astrocytomas are gliomas (brain tumors from glial cells). In practice, „high-grade“ usually means WHO grade 3 (formerly „anaplastic astrocytoma“) or WHO grade 4 (in the current WHO classification, this often corresponds to what used to be called secondary glioblastoma or higher-grade astrocytoma).Continue reading

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Brief overview Appendiceal cancer (also known as appendix cancer) is a rare cancer of the appendix. Many cases are discovered by chance - e.g. after an operation for suspected appendicitis. What is appendix carcinoma? In appendix carcinoma, cells of the appendix grow uncontrollably and form a tumor. There are different types of tumors thatContinue reading